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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population stratified by sex and APOE-ε4 genotype

From: Relationship between sex, APOE genotype, endocannabinoids and cognitive change in older adults with metabolic syndrome during a 3-year Mediterranean diet intervention

Variable

 

All

Sex differences

APOE- ε4 differences

Men

Women

P-value*

Noncarriers

Carriers

P-value*

Category

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N

 

102

47

55

 

83

19

 

Sex

Women

55 (53.9)

   

48 (57.8)

7 (36.8)

0.161

APOE-ε4 carriers

 

19 (18.8)

12 (26.1)

7 (12.7)

0.146

   

Intervention group

 

50 (49.0)

24 (51.1)

26 (47.3)

0.855

38 (45.8)

12 (63.2)

0.266

Age (years)

Mean (SD)

65.6 (4.51)

65.0 (5.19)

66.2 (3.80)

0.192

65.9 (4.52)

64.6 (4.45)

0.266

Education (years)

Mean (SD)

11.6 (4.13)

13.2 (4.37)

10.2 (3.40)

< 0.001

11.6 (4.08)

11.4 (4.46)

0.827

Education level

Primary

35 (34.3)

10 (21.3)

25 (45.5)

0.028

29 (34.9)

6 (31.6)

0.901

 

Secondary

39 (38.2)

20 (42.6)

19 (34.5)

 

32 (38.6)

7 (36.8)

 
 

University

28 (27.5)

17 (36.2)

11 (20.0)

 

22 (26.5)

6 (31.6)

 

Employment status

Employed

22 (21.6)

16 (34.0)

6 (10.9)

0.005

16 (19.3)

6 (31.6)

0.246

 

Retired

72 (70.6)

30 (63.8)

42 (76.4)

 

59 (71.1)

13 (68.4)

 
 

Other

8 (7.84)

1 (2.13)

7 (12.7)

 

8 (9.64)

0 (0.00)

 

Married

 

80 (78.4)

40 (85.1)

40 (72.7)

0.203

64 (77.1)

16 (84.2)

0.758

Current smoker

 

10 (9.80)

8 (17.0)

2 (3.64)

0.041

6 (7.23)

4 (21.1)

0.087

Type 2 diabetes

 

47 (46.1)

25 (53.2)

22 (40.0)

0.257

115 (36.2)

125 (26.0)

0.176

Obesity

 

86 (84.3)

39 (83.0)

47 (85.5)

0.944

36 (43.4)

11 (57.9)

0.373

MMSE score

Mean (SD)

28.7 (1.21)

28.9 (1.14)

28.6 (1.27)

0.251

28.7 (1.28)

28.9 (0.88)

0.342

Use of lipid-lowering agents

 

39 (38.2)

18 (38.3)

21 (38.2)

0.999

28 (33.7)

11 (57.9)

0.090

Use of tranquilizers/sedatives

 

23 (22.5)

6 (12.8)

17 (30.9)

0.051

17 (20.5)

6 (31.6)

0.362

Use of metformin

 

37 (36.3)

20 (42.6)

17 (30.9)

0.311

27 (32.5)

10 (52.6)

0.168

MedDiet adherence

Mean (SD)

7.36 (2.59)

6.79 (2.70)

7.85 (2.41)

0.039

7.42 (2.56)

7.11 (2.77)

0.652

Physical activity (METs x min/week)

Mean (SD)

2470 (2133)

2637 (2307)

2327 (1983)

0.472

2490 (2205)

2384 (1837)

0.829

  1. *The chi-squared test for categorical variables and the Student’s t test for continuous variables were used to assess univariate differences between groups
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Nutrition Journal

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