Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for OS in patients with non-metastatic ccRCC before and after propensity score matching

Sex

(Male vs Female)

2.327

(1.121-4.832)

0.023^*

1.453

(0.270-1.753)

0.433

Age

(≤65 vs >65)

0.441

(0.244-0.796)

0.007^*

0.427

(0.232-0.784)

0.006*

0.639

(0.288-1.419)

0.271

Hypertension

(No vs Yes)

1.050

(0.575-1.919)

0.874

1.201

(0.366-1.892)

0.662

Diabetes

(No vs Yes)

0.495

(0.255-0.959)

0.037^*

0.326

(0.158-0.670)

0.002*

0.663

(0.590-3.856)

0.390

Smoke

(No vs Yes)

0.274

(0.152-0.493)

<0.001^*

0.273

(0.150-0.498)

<0.001*

0.439

(0.200-0.965)

0.041^*

0.386

(0.175-0.855)

0.019^*

BMI

0.959

(0.873-1.054)

0.390

0.891

(0.770-1.030)

0.120

Tumor sidedness

(Left vs Right)

1.089

(0.607-1.954)

0.776

2.327

(1.002-5.406)

0.050

pT stage

(pT1-T2 vs pT3-T4)

0.179

(0.076-0.422)

<0.001^*

0.263

(0.075-0.919)

0.036^*

Fuhrman grade

(I-II vs III-IV)

0.266

(0.148-0.479)

<0.001^*

0.376

(0.172-0.823)

0.014^*

Surgical method

(RN vs PN)

0.252

(0.100-0.640)

0.004^*

0.479

(0.166-1.385)

0.174

Surgical approach

0.016^*

0.908

Laparoscopic

Reference

Reference

Open

2.645

(1.350-5.180)

0.005^*

1.587

(0.512-4.922)

0.423

Robotic

0.986

(0.300-3.243)

0.981

0.850

(0.316-2.285)

0.747

Tumor size

1.413

(1.294-1.543)

<0.001^*

1.494

(1.351-1.652)

<0.001*

1.371

(1.192-1.576)

<0.001^*

1.569

(1.263-1.948)

<0.001^*

GNRI

(≤98 vs >98)

3.871

(2.041-7.340)

<0.001^*

2.686

(1.403-5.145)

0.003*

2.826

(1.237-6.464)

0.014^*

3.234

(1.360-7.692)

0.008^*