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Fig. 3 | Nutrition Journal

Fig. 3

From: Breakfast skipping is linked to a higher risk of major depressive disorder and the role of gut microbes: a mendelian randomization study

Fig. 3

Scatter plots and leave-one-out plots for Mendelian randomization analysis between breakfast skipping and major depressive disorder. Bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using IVW, weighted median, weighted mode, and MR–Egger to evaluate the causal relationship between breakfast skipping and MDD. A showed the SNPs’ effect on breakfast skipping and major depressive disorder (MDD). B showed the SNPs’ effect on MDD and breakfast skipping. Leave-one-out analysis plots for breakfast skipping on MDD (C) and MDD on breakfast skipping (D). SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; IVW, inverse-variance weighted; MR, Mendelian randomization

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Nutrition Journal

ISSN: 1475-2891

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