Table 4 Multivariate Cox regression derived HRs and 95% CIs for all-cause mortality and cause specific mortality by BCAAs intake

Median intake (g/day)

12.21

7.87

10.37

12.22

14.27

17.97

All-cause mortality

Number of deaths

9,231

2,110

1,771

1,647

1,737

1,966

Model 1

1.16 (1.07–1.24)

1.05 (0.98–1.12)

Ref

1.03 (0.96–1.10)

1.17 (1.08–1.26)

< 0.001

Model 2

1.15 (1.06–1.25)

1.04 (0.97–1.12)

Ref

1.02 (0.95–1.10)

1.05 (0.95–1.15)

< 0.001

Cardiovascular mortality

Number of deaths

4,215

979

784

736

795

921

Model 1

1.10 (0.99–1.23)

1.00 (0.91–1.11)

Ref

1.08 (0.97–1.19)

1.30 (1.17–1.45)

< 0.001

Model 2

1.19 (1.05–1.34)

1.05 (0.94–1.17)

Ref

1.06 (0.95–1.18)

1.07 (0.93–1.23)

0.005

Cancer mortality

Number of deaths

1,887

407

390

347

352

391

Model 1

1.33 (1.13–1.56)

1.19 (1.03–1.38)

Ref

0.92 (0.76–1.06)

0.90 (0.76–1.06)

0.159

Model 2

1.19 (0.99–1.42)

1.09 (0.93–1.28)

Ref

0.93 (0.79–1.09)

0.98 (0.80–1.21)

0.150

Other mortality

Number of deaths

3,373

782

650

605

639

698

Model 1

1.13 (1.00-1.27)

1.04 (0.92–1.16)

Ref

1.04 (0.93–1.16)

1.17 (1.03–1.32)

< 0.001

Model 2

1.08 (0.95–1.24)

1.01 (0.90–1.14)

Ref

1.04 (0.92–1.17)

1.06 (0.91–1.24)

0.112