Table 1 Baseline characteristics by different PDI trajectory classes in the China Health and Nutrition Study
Low and stable n = 1438 | Low and increasing n = 859 | High and decreasing n = 556 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Men, n (%) | 622 (43.3) | 372 (43.3) | 255 (45.9) | 0.54 |
Age, mean (SD), yr | 44.0 (11.4) | 43.4 (12.1) | 44.5 (10.9) | 0.29 |
Urban residence, n (%) | 395 (27.5) | 334 (38.9) | 99 (17.8) | < 0.001 |
Married, n (%) | 1302 (90.5) | 778 (90.6) | 518 (93.2) | 0.15 |
Education, n (%) | ||||
Primary school and below | 622 (43.3) | 245 (28.5) | 302 (54.3) | < 0.001 |
Middle school | 508 (35.3) | 306 (35.6) | 165 (29.7) | |
High school | 174 (12.1) | 163 (19.0) | 51 (9.2) | |
College degree and above | 134 (9.3) | 145 (16.9) | 38 (6.8) | |
Income, n (%),CNY/yr | ||||
≤ 16,000 | 1209 (84.1) | 622 (72.4) | 498 (89.6) | < 0.001 |
16,000 to 32,000 | 188 (13.1) | 191 (22.2) | 48 (8.6) | |
≥ 32,000 | 41 (2.9) | 46 (5.4) | 10 (1.8) | |
Smoking status, n (%) | ||||
Non-smoker | 980 (68.2) | 621 (72.3) | 375 (67.4) | 0.11 |
Former smoker | 30 (2.1) | 17 (2.0) | 7 (1.3) | |
Current smoker | 428 (29.8) | 221 (25.7) | 174 (31.3) | |
Drinking, n (%) | 460 (32.0) | 273 (31.8) | 180 (32.4) | 0.97 |
Body weight status a, n (%) | ||||
Underweight | 109 (7.6) | 67 (7.8) | 26 (4.7) | 0.29 |
Normal | 938 (65.2) | 568 (66.1) | 375 (67.4) | |
Overweight | 340 (23.6) | 200 (23.3) | 134 (24.1) | |
Obese | 51 (3.5) | 24 (2.8) | 21 (3.8) | |
MET, mean (SD), h/wk | 36.5 (42.1) | 27.2 (36.1) | 35.2 (34.9) | < 0.001 |
Energy, mean (SD), kcal/d | 2269.0 (651.2) | 2156.4 (610.3) | 2472.0 (634.6) | 0.002 |