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Table 4 Energy and macronutrient intake at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention

From: The effects of portfolio moderate-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets on anthropometric indices, metabolic status, and hormonal levels in overweight or obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

  

PLCD (n = 21)

KD (n = 19)

MD (CI%95)

P-value†

Energy (Kcal/day)

Baseline

2401.04 (342.70)

2531.78 (455.67)

-130.73

0.277

8 weeks

1630.95 (150.39)

1828.95 (333.88)

197.99

0.019

MD (CI%95)

723.47 (562.23, 884.71)

642.84 (524.01, 761.67)

  

P-value

P < 0.05

P < 0.05

  

Carbohydrate (gr/day)

Baseline

294.78 (62.76)

303.00 (51.51)

-8.21

0.630

8 weeks

156.09 (19.53)

23.33 (2.42)

132.75

0.00

MD(CI%95)

131.14 (102.27, 160.02)

277.72 (251.75, 303.68)

  

p-Value

P < 0.05

P < 0.05

  

Protein (gr/day)

Baseline

68.0 (6.78)

67.65 (6.66)

0.34

0.862

8 weeks

109.49 (10.45)

118.61 (6.81)

-9.12

0.003

MD(CI%95)

-42.11 (-48.01, -36.21)

-51.93 (-56.91, -46.94)

  

P-value

P < 0.05

P < 0.05

  

Fat (gr/day)

Baseline

106.48 (9.30)

107.45 (11.03)

-0.96

0.749

8 weeks

64.37 (13.67)

139.46 (21.93)

-75.09

0.00

MD(CI%95)

41.20 (33.93, 48.47)

-32.71 (-39.58, -25.83)

  

P-value

P < 0.05

P < 0.05

  

Total cholesterol (gr/day)

Baseline

155.39 (41.32)

163.86 (44.91)

-8.47

0.509

8 weeks

3.63 (0.53)

576.11 (142.17)

-572.47

0.00

MD(CI%95)

146.27 (128.99, 163.54)

-417.8 (-487.9, -347.8)

  

P-value

P < 0.05

P < 0.05

  
 

Baseline

25.03 (5.71)

23.89 (5.30)

1.15

0.481

Total Fiber (gr/day)

8 weeks

38.97 (4.57)

12.87(1.67)

26.10

0.00

MD(CI%95)

-14.58 (-17.73, -11.43)

10.24 (7.79, 12.68)

 

P-value

P < 0.05

P < 0.05

 

MUFA (gr/day)

Baseline

41.58 (3.56)

42.96 (3.56)

-1.37

0.196

8 weeks

20.40 (5.31)

48.51 (4.08)

-28.11

0.00

MD(CI%95)

20.75 (17.64, 23.86)

-6.02 (-7.90, -4.13)

  

P-value

P < 0.05

P < 0.05

  

PUFA (gr/day)

Baseline

12.70 (1.97)

13.00 (1.91)

-0.30

0.593

8 weeks

51.14 (2.84)

52.25 (2.81)

-10.68

0.00

MD(CI%95)

-38.44 (-15.07, -12.24)

-39.25 (-24.91, -23.13)

 

P-value

P < 0.05

P < 0.05

 

SFAs (gr/day)

Baseline

51.14 (2.84)

52.25 (2.81)

-1.10

0.192

8 weeks

11.82 (6.12)

41.25 (2.24)

-29.43

0.00

MD(CI%95)

39.00 (35.76, 42.23)

10.73 (8.94, 12.52)

 

P-value

P < 0.05

P < 0.05

 

TFA (gr/day)

Baseline

0.079 (0.016)

0.080 (0.018)

-0.001

0.804

8 weeks

0.005 (0.008)

0.156 (0.021)

-0.15

0.00

MD(CI%95)

0.07 (0.06, 0.08)

-0.07 (-0.09, -0.06)

 

P-value

P < 0.05

P < 0.05

Phytosterols (gr/day)

Baseline

73.77 (4.08)

75.54 (3.73)

-1.7

0.136

8 weeks

162.42(39.39)

1.55 (42.0)

160.87

0.00

MD(CI%95)

-88.75 (-106.72, -70.78)

73.86 (71.95, 75.77)

 

P-value

P < 0.05

P < 0.05

 
  1. Data are expressed as mean (SD) and mean difference (95%CI)
  2. †Indicate comparison between groups at baseline (Independent samples t-test for baseline)
  3. *Indicate comparison between groups based on ANOVA without adjustment
  4. Abbreviations: MUFA mono-unsaturated fatty acids, PUFA poly-unsaturated fatty acids, SFA saturated fatty acids, TFA trans fatty acids
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Nutrition Journal

ISSN: 1475-2891

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