Table 1 Demographic, anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and non-invasive tools for the study population

Demographic data

 < F3

(n:60)

cACLD

(n:70)

dACLD

(n:70)

p-value of the comparison between the liver-disease stages

Male (n and %)

34 (56.67%)

37 (52.86%)

34 (48.57%)

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s.**

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s.**

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s.**

Age (mean ± SD)

65.85 ± 12.22

65.11 ± 10.02

64.76 ± 12.62

 < F3 vs cACLD: ns*

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s.*

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s.*

Anthropometric indexes

 < F3

(n:60)

cACLD

(n:70)

dACLD

(n:70)

p-value* of the comparison between the liver-disease stages

Weight (Kg)

80.50 ± 8.70

79.28 ± 9.96

78.85 ± 9.62

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s

Height (meter)

1.70 ± 0.05

1.68 ± 0.07

1.70 ± 0.05

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s

Height square (mean ± SD)

2.89 ± 0.19

2.83 ± 0.26

2.90 ± 0.18

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s

BMI (Kg/m²)

29.96 ± 2.32

28.81 ± 2.24

27.25 ± 3.94***

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s

SBP (mmHg)

127.3 ± 14.94

127.9 ± 14.44

128.1 ± 10.15

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s

DBP (mmHg)

87.00 ± 9.751

87.29 ± 9.581

87.14 ± 7.735

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s

WHR (mean ± SD)

1.42 ± 0.68

1.39 ± 0.51

1.38 ± 0.48***

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s

Biochemical variables

(mean ± SD)

 < F3

(n:60)

cACLD

(n:70)

dACLD

(n:70)

p-value* of the comparison between the liver-disease stages

PLT (count/mm³)

327.6 ± 215.2

201.8 ± 48.34

121.9 ± 39.83

 < F3 vs cACLD: p < 0.0001

cACLD vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

 < F3 vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

AST (U/l)

33.23 ± 11.97

58.49 ± 26.05

37.30 ± 20.99

 < F3 vs cACLD: p 0.009

cACLD vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

 < F3 vs dACLD: p 0.014

ALT (U/l)

44.83 ± 17.53

62.03 ± 18.9

56.21 ± 17.5

 < F3 vs cACLD: p 0.002

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: p 0.016

TB (mg/dL)

0.90 ± 0.21

2.62 ± 0.72

3.21 ± 2.83

 < F3 vs cACLD: p < 0.0001

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

GGT (U/l)

74.42 ± 57.81

65.84 ± 41.62

78.54 ± 32.80

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: p 0.0015

 < F3 vs dACLD: p 0.0106

ALP (U/l)

82.97 ± 22.22

88.84 ± 20.47

98.43 ± 16.36

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

 < F3 vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

FPG (mg/dL)

121.4 ± 19.52

120.0 ± 17.72

123.6 ± 14.62

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

199.9 ± 46.18

179.3 ± 37.05

144.1 ± 38.11

 < F3 vs cACLD: p 0.0116

cACLD vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

 < F3 vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

HDL (mg/dL)

40.83 ± 10.44

45.39 ± 9.39

40.73 ± 7.47

 < F3 vs cACLD: p 0.0050

cACLD vs dACLD: p 0.0037

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s

LDL (mg/dL)

136.6 ± 35.85

120.0 ± 37.40

107.4 ± 27.79

 < F3 vs cACLD: p 0.0177

cACLD vs dACLD: p 0.0054

 < F3 vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

TG (mg/dL)

161.7 ± 69.54

133.5 ± 36.72

120.3 ± 41.98

 < F3 vs cACLD: p 0.0432

cACLD vs dACLD: 0.0198

 < F3 vs dACLD: p 0.0003

SA (g/dL)

4.33 ± 0.36

3.52 ± 0.79

2.98 ± 0.84

 < F3 vs cACLD: p < 0.0001

cACLD vs dACLD: p:0.01

 < F3 vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

INR (mean ± SD)

1.05 ± 0.04

1.26 ± 0.35

1.34 ± 0.41

 < F3 vs cACLD: p < 0.0001

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.017 ± 0.09

1.11 ± 0.88

1.39 ± 0.58

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: p 0.0298

 < F3 vs dACLD: p 0.0004

Clinical data

 < F3

(n:60)

cACLD

(n:70)

dACLD

(n:70)

p-value** of the comparison between the liver-disease stages

T2DM (n and %)

36 (60%)

38 (54.29%)

41 (58.57%)

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s

Dyslipidemia

(n and %)

33 (55%)

35 (50%)

32 (45.71%)

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s

Obesity

(n and %)

54 (90%)

49 (70%)

31 (44.29%)

 < F3 vs cACLD: p 0.0052

cACLD vs dACLD: p 0.003

 < F3 vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

Hypertension

(n and %)

32 (53.33%)

37 (52.86%)

39 (55.71%)

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: n.s

 < F3 vs dACLD: n.s

CSPH

(n and %)

/

5 (7.14%)

53 (75.71%)

 < F3 vs cACLD: /

cACLD vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

 < F3 vs dACLD: /

NSBB administration

(n and %)

2 (3.33%)

6 (8.57%)

39 (55.71%)

 < F3 vs cACLD: n.s

cACLD vs dACLD: p < 0.001

 < F3 vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

HA administration

(n and %)

/

/

18 (25.71%)

/

NITs

(mean ± SD)

 < F3

(n:60)

cACLD

(n:70)

dACLD

(n:70)

p-value* of the comparison between the liver-disease stages

CPT (mean ± SD)

/

5.91 ± 1.032

6.87 ± 0.94

 < F3 vs cACLD: /

cACLD vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

 < F3 vs dACLD: /

LSM (kPa)

6.62 ± 2.574

17.80 ± 0.9349

21.50 ± 4.034

< F3 vs cACLD: p < 0.0001

cACLD vs dACLD: p < 0.0001

 < F3 vs dACLD: p < 0.0001