Table 1 Descriptive of the study sample of children included in the analyses

Anthropometry parameters

n = 336

n = 336

Weight [kg]

12.4

[11.6;13.2]

27.5

[24.4;31.1]

Height [cm]

88.0

[86.1;90.2]

129.7

[125.7;133.1]

Waist circumference [cm]

47.9

[45.6;50.4]

57.4

[54.5;62.4]

Body Mass Index [kg/m²]

16.1

[15.3;17.0]

16.4

[15.1;18.2]

Body Mass Index [z-score]

0.29

[-0.41;0.94]

0.37

[-0.43;1.26]

Nutrient intake

n = 336

n = 336

Energy intake [kcal/day]

1105

[940;1264]

1610

[1383;1770]

Protein intake [g/day]

44.0

[36.3;54.1]

59.3

[50.4;70.3]

Carbohydrate intake [g/day]

135.8

[115.3;156.0]

192.1

[166.6;221.3]

Fat intake [g/day]

41.9

[33.7;50.7]

63.7

[53.5;74.9]

Dietary fibre [g/day]

6.9

[5.2;9.1]

11.8

[9.6;14.0]

Sugars [g/day]

67.4

[55.1;85.5]

79.3

[65.6;99.8]

Protein intake by energy [g/1000 kcal]

40.8

[34.9;46.0]

37.1

[33.2;42.1]

Carbohydrate intake by energy [g/1000 kcal]

123.9

[112.0;135.0]

121.1

[110.4;132.0]

Fat intake by energy [g/1000 kcal]

38.0

[34.1;41.8]

40.6

[36.4;44.3]

Dietary fibre by energy [g/1000 kcal]

6.2

[4.8;8.1]

7.3

[6.2;8.9]

Sugars by energy [g/1000 kcal]

62.0

[53.6;72.2]

51.6

[43.1;59.6]

Blood Pressure parameters

n = 385

Systolic BP [mmHg]

-

100

[93;107]

Systolic BP percentile [AAP 2017]

-

61

[34;81]

Diastolic BP [mmHg]

-

57

[52;61]

Diastolic BP percentile [AAP 2017]

-

44

[25;60]

Biochemical parameters

n = 274

Total cholesterol [mg/dl]

-

166

[146;185]

HDL cholesterol [mg/dl]

-

58

[49;68]

Triglycerides [mg/dl]

-

53

[42;69]

Glucose [mg/dl]

-

84

[78;89]

Insulin [µiu/ml]

-

8.3

[6.5;10.6]

HOMA-IR

-

1.72

[1.31;2.22]

Cardiometabolic Risk

-

n = 257

Cardiometabolic Risk Score

-

-0.75

[-2.54;1.26]