Table 1 Baseline characteristics of US cancer survivors and stratified by quintile of PHDI, NHANES 1999 to 2018
| Â | PHDI quintile | Â | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | All (3,442) | Q1 (689) | Q2 (688) | Q3 (688) | Q4 (688) | Q5 (689) | P value |
Weighted population | 15,423,854 | 2,891,774 | 3,105,485 | 2,934,917 | 3,120,727 | 3,370,951 | Â |
Age, Mean (SE), years | 62.45 (0.33) | 58.21 (0.74) | 62.04 (0.72) | 63.29 (0.68) | 64.14 (0.61) | 64.15 (0.63) | < 0.001 |
Age group, No. (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 20–64 | 1,347 (50.05) | 338 (59.17) | 300 (53.55) | 242 (46.32) | 235 (46.17) | 232 (45.85) |  |
 ≥ 65 | 2,095 (49.95) | 351 (40.83) | 388 (46.45) | 446 (53.68) | 453 (53.83) | 457 (54.15) |  |
Sex, No. (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Female | 1,793 (57.49) | 294 (46.85) | 357 (58.49) | 357 (57.81) | 395 (61.44) | 390 (61.77) |  |
 Male | 1,649 (42.51) | 395 (53.15) | 331 (41.51) | 331 (42.19) | 293 (38.56) | 299 (38.23) |  |
Race/ethnicity, No. (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.02 |
 Mexican American | 221 (1.97) | 49 (2.41) | 44 (1.80) | 39 (1.59) | 41 (1.74) | 48 (2.29) |  |
 Non-Hispanic Black | 425 (4.55) | 124 (7.04) | 88 (4.94) | 86 (4.84) | 78 (3.87) | 49 (2.41) |  |
 Non-Hispanic White | 2,510 (88.47) | 459 (83.89) | 505 (88.43) | 505 (89.35) | 511 (89.68) | 530 (90.55) |  |
 Other Hispanic | 156 (2.08) | 31 (3.06) | 32 (1.80) | 36 (2.22) | 34 (1.82) | 23 (1.62) |  |
 Other Race | 130 (2.93) | 26 (3.77) | 19 (3.02) | 22 (1.88) | 24 (2.97) | 39 (3.14) |  |
Marital status, No. (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Married | 2,052 (64.29) | 386 (59.07) | 408 (62.97) | 406 (62.82) | 419 (66.80) | 433 (68.94) |  |
 Never married | 186 (4.80) | 53 (7.77) | 52 (6.63) | 34 (4.10) | 24 (3.15) | 23 (2.72) |  |
 Living with a partner | 97 (3.06) | 31 (5.40) | 18 (3.28) | 23 (3.53) | 17 (2.43) | 8 (1.02) |  |
 Other | 1,107 (27.85) | 219 (27.76) | 210 (27.12) | 225 (29.55) | 228 (27.63) | 225 (27.31) |  |
Educational attainment, No. (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Less than high school | 717 (13.20) | 187 (17.92) | 163 (14.97) | 142 (13.58) | 134 (12.75) | 91 (7.58) |  |
 High school or equivalent | 793 (22.49) | 181 (27.44) | 185 (27.80) | 161 (21.84) | 138 (18.81) | 128 (17.33) |  |
 Above high school | 1,932 (64.31) | 321 (54.64) | 340 (57.23) | 385 (64.58) | 416 (68.43) | 470 (75.09) |  |
Baseline yeara, No. (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.002 |
 1999–2000 | 223 (5.67) | 58 (7.60) | 55 (7.49) | 45 (6.45) | 37 (4.37) | 28 (2.84) |  |
 2001–2002 | 333 (9.45) | 69 (11.09) | 77 (10.91) | 67 (8.95) | 52 (6.89) | 68 (9.49) |  |
 2003–2004 | 338 (9.25) | 70 (10.26) | 88 (12.17) | 55 (8.10) | 81 (11.35) | 44 (4.73) |  |
 2005–2006 | 285 (8.29) | 65 (9.18) | 54 (8.01) | 66 (10.14) | 51 (6.94) | 49 (7.43) |  |
 2007–2008 | 397 (9.21) | 79 (10.85) | 67 (7.58) | 93 (10.36) | 83 (8.80) | 75 (8.68) |  |
 2009–2010 | 428 (10.48) | 82 (9.07) | 89 (10.14) | 72 (9.69) | 92 (11.40) | 93 (11.86) |  |
 2011–2012 | 304 (10.05) | 55 (8.83) | 47 (5.66) | 63 (10.48) | 67 (12.92) | 72 (12.11) |  |
 2013–2014 | 390 (12.80) | 68 (10.46) | 60 (10.68) | 73 (12.48) | 92 (13.80) | 97 (16.10) |  |
 2015–2016 | 375 (12.90) | 72 (12.75) | 74 (12.86) | 84 (14.48) | 64 (11.48) | 81 (13.00) |  |
 2017–2018 | 369 (11.91) | 71 (9.90) | 77 (14.50) | 70 (8.87) | 69 (12.06) | 82 (13.76) |  |
PIR, Mean (SE) | 3.29 (0.04) | 2.96 (0.08) | 3.19 (0.07) | 3.19 (0.08) | 3.42 (0.07) | 3.65 (0.07) | < 0.001 |
Physical activity, min/wk, No. (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 None (inactive) | 1,155 (28.61) | 259 (31.24) | 245 (32.43) | 241 (29.68) | 225 (28.02) | 185 (22.47) |  |
 0 to < 150 (insufficiently active) | 722 (21.72) | 152 (24.98) | 153 (23.28) | 135 (21.14) | 147 (22.88) | 135 (16.93) |  |
 ≥ 150 (active) | 1,565 (49.67) | 278 (43.78) | 290 (44.29) | 312 (49.18) | 316 (49.10) | 369 (60.60) |  |
Alcohol use, No. (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.001 |
 Never | 422 (9.69) | 59 (6.49) | 101 (12.10) | 91 (10.53) | 78 (8.03) | 93 (11.04) |  |
 Former | 931 (22.27) | 216 (26.15) | 187 (23.29) | 193 (24.53) | 194 (22.82) | 141 (15.55) |  |
 Mild | 1,408 (43.25) | 245 (39.07) | 248 (38.19) | 278 (41.21) | 297 (45.46) | 340 (51.20) |  |
 Moderate | 375 (14.25) | 75 (13.74) | 89 (15.17) | 72 (14.28) | 64 (12.81) | 75 (15.13) |  |
 Heavy | 306 (10.54) | 94 (14.56) | 63 (11.25) | 54 (9.45) | 55 (10.88) | 40 (7.08) |  |
Smoke, No. (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Never | 1,510 (44.77) | 234 (35.70) | 285 (43.72) | 309 (47.15) | 322 (43.81) | 360 (52.32) |  |
 Former | 1,432 (39.56) | 280 (39.41) | 278 (36.09) | 285 (36.72) | 299 (43.18) | 290 (41.99) |  |
 Now | 500 (15.68) | 175 (24.89) | 125 (20.19) | 94 (16.13) | 67 (13.01) | 39 (5.69) |  |
BMI, mean (SE), kg/m2 | 28.88 (0.14) | 29.78 (0.32) | 28.94 (0.35) | 28.80 (0.36) | 29.17 (0.33) | 27.87 (0.31) | 0.01 |
Energy, mean (SE), kcal/d | 1,957.15 (16.53) | 2,200.44 (40.56) | 1,962.55 (36.97) | 1,903.07 (40.44) | 1,896.95 (28.35) | 1,846.29 (33.51) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension, No. (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.045 |
 No | 1,229 (41.88) | 274 (46.45) | 227 (38.92) | 237 (40.22) | 223 (37.93) | 268 (45.81) |  |
 Yes | 2,213 (58.12) | 415 (53.55) | 461 (61.08) | 451 (59.78) | 465 (62.07) | 421 (54.19) |  |
DM, No. (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.21 |
 No | 2,558 (78.76) | 531 (79.24) | 527 (81.41) | 496 (77.92) | 498 (75.23) | 506 (79.91) |  |
 Yes | 884 (21.24) | 158 (20.76) | 161 (18.59) | 192 (22.08) | 190 (24.77) | 183 (20.09) |  |
CVD, No. (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.66 |
 No | 2,594 (80.42) | 523 (80.47) | 510 (80.70) | 510 (80.44) | 513 (78.35) | 538 (82.04) |  |
 Yes | 848 (19.58) | 166 (19.53) | 178 (19.30) | 178 (19.56) | 175 (21.65) | 151 (17.96) |  |
SII, Mean (SE) | 596.41 (7.88) | 620.82 (17.52) | 609.30 (18.57) | 609.88 (16.61) | 607.72 (16.08) | 541.41 (15.91) | 0.01 |
NLR, Mean (SE) | 2.47 (0.03) | 2.53 (0.06) | 2.49 (0.07) | 2.54 (0.08) | 2.52 (0.05) | 2.32 (0.06) | 0.053 |