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Fig. 3 | Nutrition Journal

Fig. 3

From: Indicators of improved emotion behavior in 6–14-year-old children following a 4-week placebo controlled prebiotic supplement intervention at home with a parent

Fig. 3

Statistical analysis plots for emotion-related and cognitive outcomes. Bars in green represent the GOS group outcomes, while bars in pink depict the placebo group outcomes; shades of both colors darken with each testing point. Panel A presents estimated marginal means (EMM) for trait anxiety assessed by linear mixed modelling. Simple effects analysis compares T2 and T3 responses to T1 within GOS and placebo groups separately. In the GOS group, T2 anxiety decreased, and by T3, a significant reduction in trait anxiety was observed. Panel B displays EMM for the secondary outcome of emotion behavior during the dot probe task at T2. ANCOVA analysis reveals decreased vigilance to negative information in the GOS group compared to the placebo group. Panel C illustrates square root transformed EMM for the secondary outcome of depression, as assessed by linear mixed modelling. Simple effects analysis compares T2 and T3 responses to T1 within GOS and placebo groups separately. In the GOS group, T3 depression was reduced compared to T1, with no such change observed in the placebo group. Panels D, E, and F present cognitive outcomes with EEM plotted following ANCOVA. While no significant effects were observed, it is noteworthy that the GOS group demonstrated more efficient results in all three networks compared to the placebo group. Error bars are standard errors of EMM. Significance levels: * p <.05, ⁰ p <.10

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Nutrition Journal

ISSN: 1475-2891

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