Trajectories of adherence to an obesogenic dietary pattern and changes in diet quality, food intake, and adiposity during adolescence

Table 3 Adjusted associations between trajectory of adherence to the obesogenic pattern during adolescence and adiposity markers at 4-year (final) follow-up

	Adiposity markers
	BMI z-score	WC z-score	WHtR z-score	FMI z-score
Number of participants, n	555	556	556	546
Trajectory 1 (lowest adherence)	0 [Reference]	0 [Reference]	0 [Reference]	0 [Reference]
Trajectory 2	−0.00 (−0.19 to 0.18)	0.07 (−0.11 to 0.25)	0.02 (−0.17 to 0.21)	−0.08 (−0.30 to 0.13)
Trajectory 3	−0.03 (−0.24 to 0.17)	0.14 (−0.06 to 0.34)	0.06 (−0.15 to 0.27)	−0.06 (−0.29 to 0.18)
Trajectory 4 (highest adherence)	0.03 (−0.23 to 0.29)	0.26 (0.00 to 0.51)	0.15 (−0.12 to 0.42)	−0.08 (−0.39 to 0.22)
P-value for linear trend	0.884	0.041	0.252	0.647

Adjusted multilevel linear mixed models were used to determine the adjusted BMI, WC, WHtR, and FMI z-score ß coefficients and 95% confidence interval values. In these cases, fixed effects were the trajectory group, randomization group, parental educational level, migrant background, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sleep time, smoking and sexual maturity status, adherence to the obesogenic pattern, and the value of the adiposity marker at baseline. Region (Madrid or Barcelona) and schools within each region were handled as random effects. BMI, body mass index; FMI, fat mass index; WC, waist circumference; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio
Trajectories are ordered from lowest (1) to highest (4) adherence to the obesogenic dietary pattern over the course of the study

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