The effects of concurrent alpha-linolenic acid, L-carnitine supplementation on clinical symptoms, mental health, and quality of life in women with migraine: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Table 4 The effects of 12 weeks’ alpha-linolenic and L-carnitine supplementation on clinical indices of migraine

Clinical indices of migraine	Alpha-linolenic plus L-carnitine (N = 40)				Placebo (N = 40)				P ^b	P ^c
Clinical indices of migraine	Baseline	12th week	Mean difference (95% CI)	P ^a	Baseline	12th week	Mean difference (95% CI)	P ^a	P ^b	P ^c
MI (frequency * severity)	59.82 ± 14.94	30.05 ± 10.91	- 29.77 (−34.76, −24.79)	< 0.001	51.1 ± 14.49	47.32 ± 12.18	- 3.78 (−9.14, 1.59)	0.162	< 0.001	< 0.001
HDR ((frequency * duration)/24))	4.11 ± 1.84	1.58 ± 0.7	- 2.53 (−3.06, −1.99)	< 0.001	3.09 ± 1.82	2.84 ± 1.3	- 0.25 (−0.62, 0.11)	0.173	< 0.001	< 0.001
MHIS ((frequency * duration * severity)/24))	29.95 ± 12.46	9.24 ± 4.62	- 20.71 (−24.28, −17.14)	< 0.001	22.13 ± 13.85	19.36 ± 10.22	- 2.77 (−5.72, 0.17)	0.064	< 0.001	< 0.001

Variables are expressed as mean ± SD, and mean difference (95% CI) for changes from baseline to post-intervention
Abbreviations: MI Migraine index, HDR Headache diary result, MHIS Migraine headache index score
^a Paired t-test was used to compare outcomes in pre and post-test interventions
^b Independent samples t-test was used to compare the mean change between the two groups
^c Obtained from ANCOVA in the adjusted models (adjusted for baseline value, and NSAIDs consumption)

ISSN: 1475-2891