Table 2 Dose-response association of specific types of breakfast cereals with all-cause and cause-specific mortality

Porridge, bowls/d

0

1,898,306

141,808 (76.2)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

> 0-0.5

286,770

21,350 (11.5)

0.91(0.85–0.97)

0.98(0.91–1.05)

0.98(0.92–1.05)

0.90(0.76–1.06)

0.98(0.83–1.15)

0.98(0.83–1.16)

0.96(0.88–1.05)

1.02(0.93–1.12)

1.02(0.94–1.12)

> 0.5-1

301,836

22,519 (12.1)

0.81(0.76–0.87)

0.90(0.84–0.96)

0.89(0.84–0.96)

0.83(0.71–0.97)

0.94(0.81–1.11)

0.95(0.81–1.11)

0.84(0.77–0.92)

0.93(0.85–1.02)

0.93(0.85–1.02)

> 1

6500

491 (0.3)

0.99(0.71–1.39)

1.12(0.79–1.56)

1.08(0.77–1.52)

0.74(0.31–1.79)

0.83(0.34–2.01)

0.80(0.33–1.94)

1.05(0.66–1.66)

1.21(0.76–1.93)

1.19(0.75–1.90)

Muesli, bowls/d

0

1,937,705

144,888 (77.8)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

> 0-0.5

336,375

24,977 (13.4)

0.79(0.74–0.85)

0.87(0.82–0.93)

0.89(0.83–0.95)

0.80(0.68–0.94)

0.90(0.77–1.06)

0.93(0.80–1.10)

0.82(0.75–0.89)

0.89(0.82–0.98)

0.90(0.82–0.98)

> 0.5-1

214,085

15,914 (8.5)

0.74(0.68–0.80)

0.84(0.78–0.91)

0.85(0.79–0.92)

0.66(0.54–0.80)

0.78(0.64–0.95)

0.80(0.66–0.98)

0.77(0.69–0.86)

0.87(0.78–0.98)

0.88(0.79–0.98)

> 1

5246

389 (0.2)

0.55(0.31–0.96)

0.61(0.35–1.08)

0.61(0.35–1.08)

0.47(0.12–1.90)

0.54(0.13–2.17)

0.55(0.14–2.21)

0.44(0.18–1.06)

0.51(0.21–1.22)

0.51(0.21–1.23)

Plain cereal, bowls/d

0

2,156,410

160,978 (86.5)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

> 0-0.5

212,470

15,845 (8.5)

1.01(0.94–1.09)

1.04(0.97–1.13)

1.04(0.96–1.12)

0.89(0.74–1.07)

0.92(0.77–1.11)

0.92(0.76–1.11)

1.07(0.97–1.19)

1.10(1.00-1.21)

1.10(0.99–1.21)

> 0.5-1

121,083

9089 (4.9)

1.01(0.93–1.11)

1.04(0.95–1.14)

1.04(0.95–1.14)

1.18(0.97–1.44)

1.21(0.99–1.48)

1.22(1.00-1.50)

1.01(0.89–1.15)

1.04(0.92–1.18)

1.04(0.92–1.19)

> 1

3449

256 (0.1)

0.92(0.51–1.66)

0.93(0.52–1.69)

0.89(0.49–1.61)

0.47(0.07–3.34)

0.48(0.07–3.39)

0.48(0.07–3.39)

0.95(0.43–2.13)

0.99(0.45–2.21)

0.97(0.44–2.17)

Bran cereal, bowls/d

0

2,142,312

160,054 (86.0)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

> 0-0.5

231,751

17,204 (9.2)

0.83(0.77–0.89)

0.87(0.81–0.94)

0.88(0.81–0.95)

0.63(0.52–0.77)

0.67(0.55–0.82)

0.68(0.55–0.83)

0.86(0.78–0.96)

0.91(0.82–1.01)

0.91(0.82–1.01)

> 0.5-1

116,866

8724 (4.7)

0.82(0.74–0.90)

0.88(0.79–0.97)

0.88(0.80–0.98)

0.85(0.68–1.08)

0.93(0.74–1.18)

0.94(0.75–1.19)

0.76(0.66–0.88)

0.82(0.71–0.95)

0.82(0.71–0.95)

> 1

2482

186 (0.1)

1.34(0.79–2.26)

1.40(0.83–2.37)

1.36(0.80–2.29)

0.99(0.25–3.98)

1.01(0.25–4.03)

0.96(0.24–3.85)

1.66(0.86–3.19)

1.80(0.93–3.47)

1.77(0.92–3.41)

Whole wheat cereal, bowls/d

0

2,030,521

151,544 (81.4)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

> 0-0.5

249,814

18,631 (10.0)

0.97(0.91–1.05)

1.01(0.94–1.08)

1.00(0.94–1.08)

1.09(0.93–1.28)

1.13(0.96–1.33)

1.12(0.95–1.31)

1.00(0.91–1.10)

1.03(0.94–1.13)

1.03(0.94–1.13)

> 0.5-1

190,546

14,304 (7.7)

0.99(0.92–1.07)

1.03(0.96–1.11)

1.02(0.95–1.10)

1.00(0.84–1.19)

1.05(0.89–1.25)

1.04(0.87–1.24)

1.01(0.91–1.12)

1.05(0.95–1.17)

1.05(0.95–1.16)

> 1

22,531

1689 (0.9)

0.89(0.72–1.09)

0.91(0.75–1.12)

0.89(0.72–1.09)

1.20(0.80–1.81)

1.20(0.80–1.81)

1.17(0.78–1.76)

0.96(0.73–1.26)

1.00(0.76–1.31)

0.98(0.74–1.29)

Oat crunch, bowls/d

0

2,328,852

173,943 (93.4)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

> 0-0.5

129,052

9586 (5.1)

0.89(0.80–0.98)

0.94(0.85–1.04)

0.95(0.86–1.06)

0.83(0.65–1.07)

0.90(0.70–1.15)

0.93(0.72–1.19)

0.90(0.78–1.03)

0.94(0.82–1.08)

0.95(0.83–1.08)

> 0.5

35,508

2639 (1.4)

0.78(0.64–0.95)

0.82(0.67-1.00)

0.84(0.69–1.02)

0.86(0.56–1.33)

0.92(0.59–1.42)

0.97(0.63–1.50)

0.77(0.59–1.01)

0.81(0.62–1.07)

0.82(0.63–1.08)

Sweetened cereal, bowls/d

0

2,367,388

176,749 (94.9)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

> 0-0.5

90,448

6736 (3.6)

0.93(0.83–1.04)

0.92(0.82–1.03)

0.93(0.83–1.04)

1.25(0.99–1.59)

1.24(0.97–1.57)

1.26(0.99–1.60)

0.87(0.74–1.02)

0.86(0.73–1.01)

0.86(0.73–1.01)

> 0.5

35,576

2683 (1.4)

1.21(1.03–1.41)

1.16(0.99–1.35)

1.15(0.98–1.34)

0.97(0.65–1.45)

0.94(0.63–1.40)

0.93(0.62–1.39)

1.46(1.20–1.77)

1.42(1.16–1.72)

1.41(1.16–1.72)

Other cereal,

bowls/d

0

2,373,095

177,232 (95.2)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

1.00(Reference)

> 0-0.5

93,133

6914 (3.7)

0.84(0.75–0.95)

0.88(0.79–0.99)

0.87(0.78–0.98)

0.62(0.46–0.86)

0.65(0.48–0.90)

0.65(0.47–0.89)

0.90(0.78–1.04)

0.94(0.81–1.09)

0.94(0.81–1.09)

> 0.5

27,183

2022 (1.1)

0.86(0.70–1.04)

0.90(0.74–1.10)

0.88(0.72–1.07)

0.94(0.60–1.46)

1.00(0.64–1.55)

0.97(0.62–1.51)

0.83(0.63–1.09)

0.89(0.68–1.16)

0.88(0.67–1.15)