Adherence to diabetes risk reduction diet is associated with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight or obesity

Table 3 Multivariate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MUO phenotype across tertiles of DRRD score¹

	Tertiles of DRRD score				Per 1 tertile increase in DRRD score
	T1 (n = 67) (score < 24)	T2 (n = 68) (24–29)	T3 (n = 68) (> 29)	P-trend²	Per 1 tertile increase in DRRD score
MUO phenotype based on IDF criteria
Cases (n)	46	25	8
Crude	1 (Ref.)	0.22 (0.10, 0.45)	0.05 (0.02, 0.12)	< 0.001	0.79 (0.73, 0.85)
Model 1	1 (Ref.)	0.21 (0.10, 0.46)	0.04 (0.01, 0.11)	< 0.001	0.78 (0.72, 0.84)
Model 2	1 (Ref.)	0.26 (0.12, 0.59)	0.08 (0.03, 0.22)	< 0.001	0.82 (0.75, 0.89)
Model 3	1 (Ref.)	0.26 (0.11, 0.58)	0.06 (0.02, 0.20)	< 0.001	0.81 (0.74, 0.88)
MUO phenotype based on HOMA-IR criteria
Cases (n)	40	20	7
Crude	1 (Ref.)	0.24 (0.12, 0.50)	0.06 (0.02, 0.16)	< 0.001	0.80 (0.74, 0.86)
Model 1	1 (Ref.)	0.22 (0.10, 0.48)	0.05 (0.02, 0.15)	< 0.001	0.79 (0.73, 0.86)
Model 2	1 (Ref.)	0.27 (0.12, 0.62)	0.11 (0.03, 0.32)	< 0.001	0.83 (0.76, 0.90)
Model 3	1 (Ref.)	0.26 (0.11, 0.60)	0.08 (0.02, 0.27)	< 0.001	0.81 (0.74, 0.89)

¹ All values are odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex, and energy intake. Model 2: Additionally adjusted for physical activity and socioeconomic status (evaluated based on parental education level, parental job, number of family members, having car in the family, having computer/laptop, having personal room and having travel by using demographic questionnaire). Model 3: Additionally adjusted for body mass index (BMI)
² Obtained by the use of tertiles of DRRD score as an ordinal variable in the model

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