Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the elderly participants by DI-GM scores
Variables | Total (n = 2234) | DI-GM | P-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 (n = 473) | Q2 (n = 500) | Q3 (n = 582) | Q4 (n = 679) | |||
Age (year), Mean ± SD | 73.1 ± 5.3 | 72.7 ± 5.4 | 73.3 ± 5.4 | 73.2 ± 5.4 | 73.0 ± 5.2 | 0.302 |
Gender, n (%) | 0.067 | |||||
Male | 1123 (50.3) | 248 (52.4) | 271 (54.2) | 284 (48.8) | 320 (47.1) | |
Female | 1111 (49.7) | 225 (47.6) | 229 (45.8) | 298 (51.2) | 359 (52.9) | |
Ethnicity, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
MA | 261 (11.7) | 48 (10.1) | 54 (10.8) | 80 (13.7) | 79 (11.6) | |
OH | 238 (10.7) | 40 (8.5) | 55 (11) | 71 (12.2) | 72 (10.6) | |
NHW | 1089 (48.7) | 219 (46.3) | 235 (47) | 287 (49.3) | 348 (51.3) | |
NHB | 417 (18.7) | 119 (25.2) | 108 (21.6) | 93 (16) | 97 (14.3) | |
Other | 229 (10.3) | 47 (9.9) | 48 (9.6) | 51 (8.8) | 83 (12.2) | |
Marital status, n (%) | 0.198 | |||||
Mrd | 1194 (53.4) | 241 (51) | 266 (53.2) | 312 (53.6) | 375 (55.2) | |
NM | 101 ( 4.5) | 31 (6.6) | 20 (4) | 28 (4.8) | 22 (3.2) | |
LWP | 62 ( 2.8) | 14 (3) | 18 (3.6) | 18 (3.1) | 12 (1.8) | |
Other | 877 (39.3) | 187 (39.5) | 196 (39.2) | 224 (38.5) | 270 (39.8) | |
Education, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
< HS | 581 (26.0) | 121 (25.6) | 150 (30) | 153 (26.3) | 157 (23.1) | |
HS | 518 (23.2) | 139 (29.4) | 109 (21.8) | 134 (23) | 136 (20) | |
> HS | 1135 (50.8) | 213 (45) | 241 (48.2) | 295 (50.7) | 386 (56.8) | |
HIPR, Median (IQR) | 2.1 (1.2, 3.8) | 2.0 (1.1, 3.2) | 2.0 (1.2, 3.6) | 2.0 (1.2, 3.7) | 2.3 (1.4, 4.3) | 0.002 |
Smoking, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Never | 1111 (49.7) | 218 (46.1) | 239 (47.8) | 291 (50) | 363 (53.5) | |
Former | 891 (39.9) | 192 (40.6) | 197 (39.4) | 224 (38.5) | 278 (40.9) | |
Current | 232 (10.4) | 63 (13.3) | 64 (12.8) | 67 (11.5) | 38 (5.6) | |
Drinking alcohol, n (%) | 0.834 | |||||
No | 1426 (63.8) | 295 (62.4) | 317 (63.4) | 373 (64.1) | 441 (64.9) | |
Yes | 808 (36.2) | 178 (37.6) | 183 (36.6) | 209 (35.9) | 238 (35.1) | |
BMI (kg/m2), Mean ± SD | 29.7 ± 7.2 | 26.1 ± 5.0 | 29.8 ± 6.1 | 30.6 ± 7.2 | 33.4 ± 8.3 | < 0.001 |
Physical activity, n (%) | ||||||
Vigorous | 1899 (85.0) | 396 (83.7) | 425 (85) | 500 (85.9) | 578 (85.1) | 0.803 |
Moderate | 1470 (65.8) | 327 (69.1) | 346 (69.2) | 379 (65.1) | 418 (61.6) | 0.015 |
Walk or bicycle | 1828 (81.8) | 393 (83.1) | 414 (82.8) | 474 (81.4) | 547 (80.6) | 0.656 |
Vigorous recreational | 2003 (89.7) | 441 (93.2) | 454 (90.8) | 530 (91.1) | 578 (85.1) | < 0.001 |
Moderate recreational | 1435 (64.2) | 347 (73.4) | 335 (67) | 379 (65.1) | 374 (55.1) | < 0.001 |
CHF, n(%) | 203 ( 9.1) | 54 (11.4) | 54 (10.8) | 48 (8.2) | 47 (6.9) | 0.026 |
CHD, n(%) | 280 (12.5) | 63 (13.3) | 74 (14.8) | 74 (12.7) | 69 (10.2) | 0.106 |
Angina, n(%) | 119 ( 5.3) | 25 (5.3) | 27 (5.4) | 32 (5.5) | 35 (5.2) | 0.994 |
Heart attack, n(%) | 248 (11.1) | 57 (12.1) | 61 (12.2) | 66 (11.3) | 64 (9.4) | 0.39 |
Stroke, n(%) | 205 ( 9.2) | 57 (12.1) | 51 (10.2) | 51 (8.8) | 46 (6.8) | 0.017 |
CVD, n(%) | 599 (26.9) | 140 (29.6) | 147 (29.6) | 160 (27.5) | 152 (22.4) | 0.013 |
ASCVD, n(%) | 401 (17.9) | 97 (20.5) | 97 (19.4) | 108 (18.6) | 99 (14.6) | 0.042 |
DM, n(%) | 660 (29.5) | 168 (35.5) | 158 (31.6) | 171 (29.4) | 163 (24) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension, n(%) | 1408(63.0) | 306 (64.7) | 307 (61.4) | 370 (63.6) | 425 (62.6) | 0.738 |