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Table 3 Perception that regular soft drinks are “unhealthy”, by country

From: Perceived healthiness of sugary drinks and related social norms among adults in five countries: evidence from the International Food Policy Study

 

Australiaa(n = 13 657)

Canada (n = 14 204)

Mexico (n = 14 220)

UK (n = 14 001)

US (n = 14 285)

 

AOR(99%CI)

p

AOR(99%CI)

p

AOR(99%CI)

p

AOR(99%CI)

p

AOR(99%CI)

p

2019 vs. 2018b

1.02 (0.74;1.41)

0.886

1.08 (0.78;1.49)

0.538

1.09 (0.89;1.32)

0.286

1.18 (0.88;1.57)

0.144

1.21 (0.96;1.52)

0.037

2020 vs. 2018

0.94 (0.70;1.27)

0.592

1.07 (0.78;1.48)

0.580

1.23 (1.00;1.51)

0.011

1.31 (0.99;1.73)

0.013

0.98 (0.80;1.22)

0.844

2021 vs. 2018

0.74 (0.55;1.01)

0.013

1.02 (0.73;1.43)

0.874

1.08 (0.88;1.33)

0.309

0.79 (0.61;1.02)

0.018

1.08 (0.86;1.37)

0.370

2020 vs. 2019

0.92 (0.68;1.24)

0.488

0.99 (0.73;1.35)

0.948

1.13 (0.92;1.39)

0.121

1.11 (0.82;1.51)

0.371

0.82 (0.65;1.02)

0.017

2021 vs. 2019

0.73 (0.54;0.99)

0.008

0.95 (0.68;1.31)

0.653

1.00 (0.82;1.22)

0.983

0.67 (0.50;0.89)

< 0.001

0.90 (0.71;1.14)

0.251

2021 vs. 2020

0.79 (0.60;1.05)

0.033

0.95 (0.69;1.31)

0.698

0.88 (0.71;1.09)

0.127

0.60 (0.45;0.80)

< 0.001

1.10 (0.88;1.37)

0.258

Female

2.36 (1.88;2.96)

< 0.001

1.98 (1.55;2.52)

< 0.001

1.15 (1.00;1.33)

0.011

1.96 (1.59;2.41)

< 0.001

2.06 (1.75;2.44)

< 0.001

Male [ref]

Minority

0.82 (0.63;1.06)

0.047

0.61 (0.47;0.80)

< 0.001

0.83 (0.68;1.00)

0.011

0.80 (0.59;1.08)

0.057

0.73 (0.61;0.87)

< 0.001

Majority [ref]

18–29 years

0.46 (0.32;0.64)

< 0.001

0.76 (0.52;1.10)

0.053

1.25 (0.92;1.71)

0.060

0.32 (0.23;0.45)

< 0.001

0.80 (0.61;1.05)

0.038

30–44 years

0.47 (0.34;0.66)

< 0.001

0.74 (0.52;1.06)

0.032

0.95 (0.70;1.30)

0.700

0.43 (0.31;0.60)

< 0.001

0.55 (0.43;0.71)

< 0.001

45–59 years

0.96 (0.67;1.38)

0.772

0.81 (0.58;1.13)

0.106

0.93 (0.67;1.27)

0.532

0.52 (0.37;0.73)

< 0.001

0.83 (0.65;1.08)

0.067

≥ 60 years [ref]

Low education

1.09 (0.83;1.44)

0.397

0.66 (0.49;0.87)

< 0.001

0.88 (0.73;1.06)

0.086

0.75 (0.60;0.93)

0.001

0.77 (0.65;0.91)

< 0.001

Medium education

1.15 (0.89;1.49)

0.168

0.94 (0.73;1.20)

0.520

1.11 (0.88;1.39)

0.248

1.06 (0.84;1.34)

0.514

1.01 (0.83;1.23)

0.923

High education [ref]

High income adequacy

0.87 (0.71;1.08)

0.103

1.00 (0.78;1.28)

0.999

0.88 (0.73;1.05)

0.063

0.91 (0.74;1.13)

0.275

0.74 (0.63;0.88)

< 0.001

Low income adequacy [ref]

Children at home

0.59 (0.47;0.76)

< 0.001

0.69 (0.53;0.91)

0.001

0.96 (0.82;1.12)

0.451

0.54 (0.44;0.68)

< 0.001

0.55 (0.46;0.66)

< 0.001

No children at home [ref]

  1. Abbreviations: UK United Kingdom, US United States, AOR Adjusted odds ratio, CI Confidence interval
  2. a Each model was adjusted for year and sociodemographic variables including age, ethnicity, sex, perceived income adequacy, education, and the presence of a child under 18 at home
  3. b Second listed year is the reference year
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Nutrition Journal

ISSN: 1475-2891

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